Why the Sea Is Salty

The Same Water

Name Date
DIRECTIONS: Rivers carry salt into lakes too, and most lakes are fresh. Follow the five steps to see why the sea is different.
1Read the five steps
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2Turn over: salt a saucer
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3Write what happened
the seathe landrain — freshriver — carries a littledissolved rockonly the WATER goes upthe salt cannot follow it
  1. Rain falls fresh. Evaporating left everything behind last time round, so what falls is nearly pure water.
  2. It crosses rock. Every stream dissolves a very small amount of whatever it runs over. A river is faintly salty and you cannot taste it.
  3. It reaches the sea. And stops. This is the end of the line — there is no river out of the ocean.
  4. The sun lifts the water. Only the water. Evaporation takes H₂O and leaves every dissolved thing where it was.
  5. The salt stays. Round and round for a very long time, with a little more arriving every year and none of it leaving.

Water evaporates; salt does not. A lake with a river flowing out stays fresh. A lake with no way out turns salty, like the Dead Sea.

The Plate That Proves It

The Same Water

DIRECTIONS: Make a tiny sea on a saucer. It takes a day.
  1. Stir half a teaspoon of salt into a small glass of warm water until it disappears. Look: it is clear.
  2. Pour a thin layer onto a saucer.
  3. Leave it somewhere warm, like a windowsill.
  4. Come back the next day.
What you expect to happen
What actually happened
What happened.

The water left; the salt could not follow. It was there all along, dissolved. Salt pans by the sea work the same way.

Where did the salt on your plate first come from? Follow it back as far as you can.