DIRECTIONS: Fill in the empty boxes so the row goes evenly from lightest to darkest.
Do not press harder. Put the lines closer together.
The last box is nearly solid, but still made of lines.
Done for you
Your turn
Again, and try to make the steps even
Which two boxes in your row look closest to each other? What would you change to even them out?
Crossing the Lines
Art · Drawing · Page 2 of 5
DIRECTIONS: Copy each patch into the empty box beside it.
Two ways to get darker. Closer lines, or a second set of lines going the other way
across the first. Crossing them is called cross-hatching, and it gets very dark without the lines
having to be tiny — which matters, because tiny lines are slow and a hand gets tired long before the
drawing is finished.
one way, far apart
one way, closer
crossed
crossed and close
Which of the four took the longest to copy? Was it also the darkest?
Cross-hatching gets dark fast. Say one thing that might be worse about it than lots of close lines going one way.
Where Is the Light?
Art · Drawing · Page 3 of 5
DIRECTIONS: Three things happen because of where the light is. Find all three on the picture.
Where the light is decides:
1 — the highlight, the brightest spot, on the side facing
the light. 2 — the dark side, opposite it. 3 — the cast shadow on
the ground, stretching AWAY from the light.
Which means a drawing with the light on the right and the shadow on the right
as well is not untidy. It is impossible — and it is the commonest mistake there is, because
"shadows go underneath" gets learned as a fact.
1. Highlight. Leave it white. The most common shading mistake is going over the whole ball.
2. Dark side. Hatch it, getting darker as you go further from the light.
3. Cast shadow. Dark, and on the opposite side from the light. Not underneath.
Now shade this one. The light is in the same place. Use your value scale from page 1
— nearly white at the highlight, darkest at the far edge.
Move the Light
Art · Drawing · Page 4 of 5
DIRECTIONS: Two balls, two different lights. Shade both, then answer.
On the left-hand ball the light is up and to the right. Where does its cast shadow go, and why?
On the right-hand one the light is low and to the left. What is different about the shadow — not just where it is, but its shape?
Move the Light — Two More
Art · Drawing · Page 5 of 5
DIRECTIONS: The second one needs a lamp.
The two balls are exactly the same ball. Explain to somebody younger why the two drawings do not look alike.
Go and find a real ball or an orange and a lamp. Move the lamp. Write down one thing that surprised you.